CHAPTER # NO 06
(AIR TRAVEL)
(ALL QUESTIONS / ANSWERS SINDH BOARD)
Q1: The Lesson Air Travel is all about what? Ans: The air journey of author's father and the background history of the aircrafts.
Q2: When, Where and by whom the first aerial journey was made?
Ans: The first aerial journey was made over Paris y a French man, Pilatre de Rozier on the 15 October 1783. On this first flight, the balloon was tied up to the ground by a long rope.
Q3: What is the essential difference between the aircraft and the aeroplane?
Ans :The aeroplane is the heavier-than-air machine which must move rapidly. It must have an engine that is very powerful in proportion to its weight while an airship is a lighter-than-air machine.
Q4: Who invented the internal combustion engine? Why was this type of engine so important to the development of flight?
Ans:The internal combustion engine is a kind of engine that drives a car, was invented in 1876 by a German engineer named Otto. After the experiment with coal-gas as a fuel, it was found that internal combustion engines worked best on vaporized patrol. This powerful petrol engine transformed the world and made its mark on flights. It made it possible the development of motor car and the aeroplane.
Q5: Who was the first man to fly in an aeroplane? What was the date of his first flight and how long did it last?
Ans: The first man to fly in an airplane was an American Orville Wright. The flight was made on 17th December 1903, taking off into the wind of nearly 48 kilometers an hour, the aeroplane moved forward very slowly, after traveling fifteen yards into the air it stayed into the air, traveling very slowly against the strong wind only for twelve seconds.
Q6: What, in brief, are the respective functions
aeroplane and the fighter?
Ans: A reconnaissance plane is designed to find out, what is happening in the territory of the enemy, while a fighter is fitted with machine guns. The fighter is designed to shoot down the aircraft of the enemy.
Q7: How were the first bombing attacks on London made?
Ans: In the first two years of the First World War, bombing attacks on London were made by huge German airships, called Zeppelins. Zeppelins were capable of flying to bomb London. In these bombing attacks countless people had been killed and wounded.
Q8: How did civil aviation benefit from the rapid development of the bomber during the First World War?
Ans: German airships Zeppelins were easily capable of flying to bomb London and back. Huge bombing attacks turned the attention towards the development of the fighter aircrafts as the Zeppelins. The anti-craft guns had been prove ineffective due to the incapability of simple fighter aircrafts, efforts were made and performance was improve(d) During 1916, the research work was in progress and the British had been able to design high-speed fighters.
Q9: Why it was more difficult to fly from Europe to North America than from North America to Europe?
Ans: It was more difficult to fly from Europe to North America than from North America to Europe because on the west bound flight, the aeroplanes had to make much struggle against the fast wind and they had to be dangerously overloaded with fuel.
Q10: Why was the use of airships for passengers transport abandoned?
Ans: The use of airships was abandoned after a series of disasters; three United States airships were wrecked with great loss of life. Like United States the Germany too suffered from the same disaster that's why they too abandoned the use of airships because these were proved to be unreliable mean of transport. They started to use the aeroplanes which had been improving in its efficiency and performance. The use of light metal in their construction provided greater strength for less weight and enabled more fuel and greater load to be carried.
Q11: What new mean of propulsion had greatly increased the speed of airlines in recent years? (OR)
What kind of radio device contributes to their safety?
Ans: During the six years of the Second World War, Jet engines increased the speed of airliners. After the prevalence of peace in the year 1945, Piston-enginedaeroplanes had achieved a very high efficiency. Radar is the radio device which contributes to the safety of air travel by making it possible to avoid collision.
Q12: What was the purpose of journey to Pakistan made by the father of the writer of the lesson Air Travel?
Ans: The purpose of the journey made by the father of the author was to spend a winter in the pleasanter climate of Pakistan.
Ans: On 21 November the de Rozier made a free flight with the help of his companion Marquis d' Arlandes whose work was to keep on lighting fire which produced the hot-air to fill the balloon with. They stayed in the air for twenty-five minutes they went on moving over the Paris by the blowing wind and landed nine kilometers from the point of this was the first aerial journey in the history. ascent,
Q14: Who used the hydrogen gas first time in the history of aerial journeys?
Ans: The hydrogen gas was used in the balloon first time by two Frenchman on 1 December 1783. The traveled 43 kilometers from the point of ascent, the hydrogen was far lighter and safer mean of lift than hot-air.
Q15: Why the balloons had not been used as a mean of transport?
Ans: It had not been used as a mean of transport because it simply drifts where the wind chooses it to take.
Q16: Who designed the first model aeroplane powered by the steam engine?
Ans: In 1848, an Englishman String fellow made an aeroplane powered by a small steam engine.
Q17: Who made the airship that was powered by electric motor?
Ans: In 1884, the French engineers Reynard and Krebs, The name of their ship was La France was the first aerial vehicle to be truly navigable, it was the first which could make a flight and return to its starting.
Q18: The first man carrying airship was equipped with which steam engine and who designed it, when he flew in it?
Q19: Who designed the first airship having petrol engine and when he made his first flight?
Ans: It was first designed by a German Wilbert; He made his first flight in 1896.
Q20: Who designed the airship having two petrol engines and when it flew?
Ans: It was designed by the Count von Zeppelin and it flew in 1900.
Q22: How Wright Brothers made successful airplane?
Ans: Wright brothers studied carefully the work of notable pioneer of gliding I-e Lilienthal, Pilcher and Chanute, the two of whom Lilienthal and Pilcher were killed in gliding incidents.
Ans: A flying machine that has long fixed wings but no machine.
Q24: What are names of Wright Brothers and why there are famous in the history of aeroplanes?
Ans: They were two brothers Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, they collectively worked in making and improving the aeroplanes, so they are the successful makers, thus they are regarded as the makers of modern aeroplanes.
Ans: Thirteen times they attempted but the aeroplane could not manage to leave the ground the fourteenth attempt was made on 17th December 1903, when it was the turn of Orville Wright who preserved his name in the history of a first successful flight The airplane was flying very slowly so that the Wilber was able to run alongside the aeroplane and after traveling to the distance of fifteen yards it life into the air and remained in air for twelve seconds.
Q26: Name the greatest French designer of the aeroplanes when and where he flew?
Ans: Bleriot is considered to be the greatest French designer of the aeroplanes who flew on his own aeroplane across the English Channel in 1909, it was unreliable for passengers and good because it could not fly in bad weather, its range was small and it was not faster than train.
Q27: What is the fighter aircraft, why it was made?
Ans: The fighter is an aircraft that has fitted machine guns it was made because the people realized that the anti-aircraft guns were not effective in its work, It was designed specially to shoot down the aircraft of the enemy.
Q28: When the air services began between London and Paris?
Ans: After few months the First World War ended the air services begun between London and Paris.
Q29: The airship R34 belonged to which country and who was its pilot, where it flew?
Ans: The R34 was a British airship its pilot was Captain Read, it flew to America through Atlantic Ocean and returned England.
Q30: Which was the first direct flight from the America to Europe, who flown it? World War ended?
Ans: The first direct aeroplane flight from America to Europe was made by a British bomber; it was flown by Alcock and Brown from Newfoundland to Ireland.
Q31: Which improvement the jet engine brought in the aircrafts after the Second
Ans: It increased the speed of military aircrafts.
Q32: What is the speed of the modern fighter aircraft?
Ans: It has a top speed of over 2400 kilometers an hour.
Q33: What is the speed of a modern aircraft on the experimental basis and what is the expected speed of the modern fighter aircraft?
Ans: The experimental speed of the fighter aircraft is over 4800 kilometers an hour while the expected speed of the fighter air craft is over 3200 kilometers an hour.
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